Typically these were located near large cities. Many Holocaust survivors faced, Despite Nazi Germanys efforts to murder all the Jews of Europe, some Jews survived the Holocaust. Less universal and more particular, Shoah emphasizes the annihilation of the Jews, not the totality of Nazi victims. The Enlightenment, during the 17th and 18th centuries, emphasized religious tolerance, and in the 19th century Napoleon Bonaparte and other European rulers enacted legislation that ended long-standing restrictions on Jews. The Holocaust ended in May 1945 when the major Allied Powers (Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union) defeated Nazi Germany in World War II. This word was chosen because in the ultimate manifestation of the Nazi killing programthe extermination campsthe bodies of the victims were consumed whole in crematoria and open fires. took hold in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. 2023. The Nazis targeted Jews because the Nazis were radically antisemitic. As members of these institutions, countless German soldiers, policemen, civil servants, lawyers, judges, businessmen, engineers, and doctors and nurses chose to implement the regimes policies. Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group. Prior to Kristallnacht, Nazi policies toward Jews had been antagonistic but primarily non-violent. They asserted that Aryans were locked in a struggle for existence with other, inferior races. Nor did he lay out an exact plan for the implementation of the Final Solution. The term Shoah is also preferred by speakers of Hebrew and those wishing to be more particular about the Jewish experience or who are uncomfortable with the religious connotations of the word Holocaust. All Rights Reserved. As the Nazis extended their reach during World War II, millions of other Europeans were also subjected to Nazi brutality. Sometimes, these massacres involved the use of specially designed mobile gas vans. Like many anti-Semites in Germany, he blamed the Jews for the countrys defeat in 1918. Categorization was the first stage of destruction. Many had lost family members, while others searched for years to locate missing parents, children, and siblings. In Europe, it dates back to ancient times. Washington, DC 20024-2126 The Holocaust and Nazi Racism. This radicalization culminated in a plan that Nazi leaders referred to as the Final Solution to the Jewish Question. The Final Solution was the organized and systematic mass murder of European Jews. Holocaust, a fictional DC Comics character and member of the Blood Syndicate. The regime also forcibly sterilized and persecuted Afro-Germans. Anti-Semitism in Europe did not begin with Adolf Hitler. It ended in May 1945, when the Allied Powers defeated Nazi Germany in World War II. Germanys formal surrender in World War II came barely a week later, on May 8, 1945. The heaviest deportations took place during the summer and fall of 1942, when more than 300,000 people were deported from the Warsaw ghetto alone. This prejudice was also widespread throughout Europe. Rescue efforts ranged from the isolated actions of individuals to organized networks, both small and large. This, however, did not mean the end of antisemitism. What are the names of God in various Kenyan tribes? At first, these units targeted Jewish men of military age. Other German institutions involved in carrying out the Final Solution included the. On Thursday I asked why the Apple TV still exists in its current form and at its current price. The first group targeted by the Nazi regime consisted of political opponents. Ghettos were areas of cities or towns where German occupiers forced Jews to live in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions. They often had to stand, sometimes for days, until the train reached its destination. Non-Jews sometimes moved into Jews homes, took over Jewish-owned businesses, and stole Jews possessions and valuables. These included, People with disabilities were also victimized by the Nazi regime. The primary means of murder at the killing centers was poisonous gas released into sealed gas chambers or vans. The Nazis race-based definition of Jews included many persons who identified as Christians or did not practice Judaism. In his invitation to government leaders, Roosevelt specified that they would not have to change laws or spend government funds; only philanthropic funds would be used for resettlement. Key Facts 1 Antisemitism was at the foundation of the Holocaust. These individuals motivations were wide-ranging: fear, self-interest, greed, revenge, antisemitism, and political and ideological beliefs. Fezzik : At Miracle Max's. It fits so nice, he said I could keep it. This included, the surviving prisoners, many of whom were Jews. The roots of Adolf Hitlers particularly virulent brand of anti-Semitism are unclear. Learn a new word every day. The word holocaust, from the Greek words holos (whole) and kaustos (burned), was historically used to describe a sacrificial offering burned on an altar. The Nazis race-based definition of Jews included many persons who identified as Christians or did not practice Judaism. cloak verb [ T ] us / klok / cloak verb [T] (HIDE) This culminated in Kristallnacht, or the Night of Broken Glass in November 1938, when German synagogues were burned and windows in Jewish home and shops were smashed; some 100 Jews were killed and thousands more arrested. Nurphoto / Getty Images. In many places, local auxiliary units working with the SS and police participated in the mass shootings. These forced marches consisted of groups of Jewish and non-Jewish concentration camp inmates who had been evacuated on foot from camps under SS guard. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, those Jews who survived were often confronted with the traumatic reality of having lost their entire families and communities. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. It is a The first official concentration camp opened at Dachau (near Munich) in March 1933, and many of the first prisoners sent there were Communists. Oh, what I wouldn't give for a holocaust cloak. The Holocaust (19331945) was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million European Jews by the Nazi German regime and its allies and collaborators. Guards prevented Jews from leaving without permission. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, the world has struggled to come to terms with the horrors of the genocide, to remember the victims, and to hold perpetrators responsible. The deliberate and systematic destruction of a group of people because of their ethnicity, nationality, religion, or race was given a name, " genocide ," by Raphael Lemkin, a Polish-born jurist who served as an adviser to the U.S. Department of War during World War II. Special units disposed of the millions of corpses through mass burial, in burning pits, or by burning them in large. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. They also shot tens of thousands of German, Austrian, and Czech Jews at these killing sites. Hitler was obsessed with the idea of the superiority of the pure German race, which he called Aryan, and with the need for Lebensraum, or living space, for that race to expand. Only racial Germans were entitled to civil and political rights. The Holocaust was the state-sponsored persecution and mass murder of millions of European Jews, Romani people, the intellectually disabled, political dissidents and homosexuals by the German Nazi regime between 1933 and 1945. Mobile killing units of Himmlers SS called Einsatzgruppen would murder more than 500,000 Soviet Jews and others (usually by shooting) over the course of the German occupation. The Holocaust, sometimes called The Shoah ( Hebrew: ), was a genocide in which Nazi Germany systematically killed people during World War II. The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its allies and collaborators. At the highest level, Adolf Hitler inspired, ordered, approved, and supported the genocide of Europes Jews. Antisemitism was at the foundation of the Holocaust. The Holocaust specifically refers to the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews. But the resistance fighters had held off the Nazis for almost a month, and their revolt inspired revolts at camps and ghettos across German-occupied Europe. The German units that perpetrated the mass shootings in eastern Europe included. Racial antisemitism is the discriminatory idea that Jews are a separate and inferior race. Religious anti-Semitism could be resolved by conversion, political anti-Semitism by expulsion. Perpetrators used forced emigration, resettlement, expulsion, deportation, and ghettoization to physically displace Jewish individuals and communities. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! . The two largest were located in the occupied Polish cities of Warsaw and Lodz (d). the Jewish gangsters in the 60s used claims of "antisem. Leo Schneidermandescribingarrival at Auschwitz, selection, and separation from his family. These organizations included the Nazi Party, the SA (Stormtroopers or Brownshirts), and the SS (Schutzstaffel, Protection Squadron). Life in the ghettos was miserable and dangerous. So with the help of an awful lot of Twitter and email, let's . How can a map enhance your understanding? When letters make sounds that aren't associated w One goose, two geese. Introduction to the Holocaust. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. denounce Jews to Nazi German authorities. The other method was asphyxiation with poison gas. Some Germans were receptive to these Nazi claims. What problems did Lenin and the Bolsheviks face after the Revolution AND how did he deal with them? Rhetorically, it is a liability shield or Red Herring that Jews use to deflect from real criticism. The Nazis perpetrated mass murder against these groups. An unknown number chose to do so. Nazi Germany committed mass murder on an unprecedented scale. These people were targeted for murder in the so-called Euthanasia Program. However, they quickly began using the government to target and exclude Jews from German society. How many credits do you need to graduate with a doctoral degree? One aspect of the Holocaust is murder, there was a lot of Together these countries made up the European members of the Axis alliance, which also included Japan. Nazi Germany did not perpetrate the Holocaust alone. The Nazi German regime implemented this genocide between 1941 and 1945. Who were the other victims of Nazi persecution and mass murder? The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum has a broad interpretation: Any person, Jewish or non-Jewish, who was "displaced, persecuted or discriminated against due to the racial, religious,. Generally they would have been saved during the Holocaust, Thus, the definition of a Jew was primarily based not on the identity an individual affirmed or the religion he or she practiced but on his or her ancestry. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! His special area of focus was conducting medical experiments on twins, injecting them with everything from petrol to chloroform under the guise of giving them medical treatment. Koen Smilde. A memorandum dated July 31, 1941, from Hitlers top commander Hermann Goering to Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the SD (the security service of the SS), referred to the need for an Endlsung (Final Solution) to the Jewish question.. Otherwise, the Nazis insisted, the Jewish race would permanently corrupt and destroy the German people. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Throughout Europe, individuals who had no governmental or institutional affiliation and did not directly participate in murdering Jews also contributed to the Holocaust. Ordinary Germans also participated in the Holocaust in a variety of ways. These forced marches consisted of groups of Jewish and non-Jewish concentration camp inmates who had been evacuated on foot from camps under SS guard. Britannica Dictionary definition of CLOAK. After World War I the Allies denied Germany colonies in Africa, so Hitler sought to expand German territory and secure food and resourcesscarce during World War Iin Europe itself. The Nazis targeted Jews because the Nazis were radically antisemitic. It relied on the help of its allies and collaborators. Hundreds of thousands of people died by starvation; rampant disease; exposure to extreme temperatures; as well as exhaustion from forced labor. These acts fall into five categories: Killing members of the group. After Germany. took place in more than 1,500 cities, towns, and villages across eastern Europe. One of the deadliest things that neighbors, acquaintances, colleagues, and even friends. This genocide is called the Holocaust. Nazi anti-Semitism and the origins of the Holocaust, From Kristallnacht to the final solution, German expansion and the formation of ghettos, The Einsatzgruppen and their fellow mobile killers. Most often individuals contributed to the Holocaust through inaction and indifference to the plight of their Jewish neighbors. This means that they were prejudiced against and hated Jews. View the list of all donors. Overview of the Holocaust. Once the war began, the SS and its police affiliates became especially deadly. The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million European Jews by the Nazi German regime and its allies and collaborators. Survival took a variety of forms. At Maly Trostenets, thousands of victims were also murdered in gas vans. Please select which sections you would like to print: Michael Berenbaumagraduate of Queens College (BA, 1967) and Florida State University (Ph.D., 1975) who alsoattended The Hebrew University andthe Jewish Theological Seminaryis a writer, Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. That task was left to the bureaucracy. In the 1930s, the regime targeted a variety of alleged domestic enemies within German society. In many places, local auxiliary units working with the, German authorities, with the help of their allies and collaborators, transported Jews from across Europe to these killing centers. The terms allies and collaborators can also refer to individuals affiliated with these governments and organizations. Many Germans bought, took, or looted their Jewish neighbors' belongings and property. Further, the Nazis believed that the so-called Jewish race was the most inferior and dangerous of all. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Members of the Sicherheitsdienst (the SD), the Gestapo, the Criminal Police (Kripo), and the Order Police played particularly active and deadly roles in the mass murder of Europes Jews. Before World War II began, hundreds of thousands of Jews. How were millions of people so vulnerable to fascism? Holocaust Denial is a type of antisemitic propaganda that emerged after World War II and which uses pseudo-history to deny the reality of the systematic mass murder of six million Jews by the Nazis and their allies during World War II. The Holocaust era began in January 1933 when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came to power in Germany. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising from April 19-May 16, 1943, ended in the death of 7,000 Jews, with 50,000 survivors sent to extermination camps. The Holocaust era began in January 1933 when. Updated: April 11, 2023 | Original: October 14, 2009. A smaller number of Jews survived inside German-controlled Europe. What is the Holocaust? Throughout Europe, there were non-Jews who took grave risks to help their Jewish neighbors, friends, and strangers survive. Middle English, from Late Latin holocaustum, from Greek holokauston, from neuter of holokaustos burnt whole, from hol- + kaustos burnt, from kaiein to burn more at caustic, 13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1, The words that defined the week ending January 28th, 2022, January 27 is the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau. They called this process liquidation. It was part of the Final Solution to the Jewish Question. The majority of Jews in the ghettos were murdered either in mass shootings at nearby killing sites or after deportation to killing centers. Typically, these units would enter a town and round up the Jewish civilians. Guards prevented Jews from leaving without permission. Typically these were located near large cities. at these killing sites. Learn more. Throughout the 1930s, Nazi Germany pursued an aggressive foreign policy. This exclusion contributed to stereotypes of Jews as outsiders. By the spring of 1945, German leadership was dissolving amid internal dissent, with Goering and Himmler both seeking to distance themselves from Hitler and take power. Jews frequently died en route from the inhumane conditions. In September 1939, Germany invaded the western half of Poland, starting World War II. These auxiliary units were made up of local civilian, military, and police officials. But, in every case, survival was only possible because of an extraordinary confluence of circumstances, choices, help from others (both Jewish and non-Jewish), and sheer luck. As Allied forces moved across Europe in a series of offensives, they overran concentration camps. [count] : a piece of clothing that is used as a coat, that has no sleeves, and that is worn over the shoulders and attached at the neck. These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'holocaust.' The work of bestial degradation, begun by the victorious Germans, had been carried to conclusion by the Germans in defeat.. Swiss government and banking institutions have in recent years acknowledged their complicity with the Nazis and established funds to aid Holocaust survivors and other victims of human rights abuses, genocide or other catastrophes. German units carried out mass shootings on the outskirts of villages, towns, and cities throughout eastern Europe. At Auschwitz alone, more than 2 million people were murdered in a process resembling a large-scale industrial operation. In the 19th century, antisemites falsely claimed that Jews were responsible for many social and political ills in modern, industrial society. Suspicion and discrimination rooted in religious prejudices continued in. It was the last stage of the Holocaust and took place from 1941 to 1945. Some Wehrmacht units also carried out massacres. Holocaust. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/holocaust. Other Jews survived as members of partisan resistance movements. Why fibrous material has only one falling period in drying curve? e.g. German officials first created ghettos in 19391940 in German-occupied Poland. These Jews survived the war under harsh conditions after Soviet authorities deported them further east into the interior of the Soviet Union. Increasing pressure on the Allied powers to create a homeland for Jewish survivors of the Holocaust would lead to a mandate for the creation of Israel in 1948. In his classic book Survival in Auschwitz, the Italian-Jewish author Primo Levi described his own state of mind, as well as that of his fellow inmates in Auschwitz on the day before Soviet troops liberated the camp in January 1945: We lay in a world of death and phantoms. Among them were, German Institutions, Organizations, and Individuals, , Protection Squadron). These governments passed their own antisemitic legislation and cooperated with German goals. But I'm going to guess that it's a term leveled most likely at Israel and Israelis when it is perceived, accurately or otherwise (likely the latter, as Holocaust denial, antisemitism and Jew-baiting go hand in hand), that the government or an individual or individ. Some Jews survived the Holocaust by escaping German-controlled Europe. Under the Nuremberg Laws of 1935, anyone with three or four Jewish grandparents was considered a Jew, while those with two Jewish grandparents were designated Mischlinge (half-breeds). What he wouldn't give for a holocaust cloak. German authorities, with the help of their allies and collaborators, transported Jews from across Europe to these killing centers. Many people were responsible for carrying out the Holocaust and the Final Solution. Since June 1941, experiments with mass killing methods had been ongoing at the concentration camp of Auschwitz, near Krakow, Poland. But liberation did not bring closure. The Nazi Final Solution to the Jewish Question (Endlsung der Judenfrage) was the deliberate and systematic mass murder of European Jews. Further, the Nazis believed that the so-called Jewish race was the most inferior and dangerous of all. Thus, not all Jews experienced the Holocaust in the same way. Before World War II, Germans considered to have supposedly unhealthy hereditary conditions were forcibly sterilized. Some Jews whom German officials believed to be healthy and strong enough were selected for forced labor. Antisemitism is an old and widespread prejudice that has taken many forms throughout history. Beginning in 1941, however, Nazi leaders decided to implement the mass murder of Europes Jews. The Nazis and their allies and collaborators murdered six million Jews. When they came to power in Germany, the Nazis did not immediately start to carry out mass murder. An Arab cloak is called an "Aba". But how did this most infamous of genocides become known as the Holocaust? the wearer as punishment, or on command from the wearer as Beginning in September 1941, every person designated as a Jew in German-held territory was marked with a yellow, six-pointed star, making them open targets. Mass shooting operations took place in more than 1,500 cities, towns, and villages across eastern Europe. They would then take the Jewish residents to the outskirts of the town. There, many had to wait years before they were able to immigrate to new homes. The Nazis falsely claimed that Jews were an inferior race. Attempts to document life in the ghettos, such as the Oneg Shabbat archive and clandestine photography, are powerful examples of spiritual resistance. Some Wehrmacht units also carried out massacres. Princess Bride". 2 Nazi officials established more than 44,000 incarceration sites during the time of the Third Reich. For example, they found hiding places for Jews, procured false papers that offered protective Christian identities, or provided them with food and supplies. Between 1933 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its allies and collaborators implemented a wide range of anti-Jewish policies and measures. Amid the deportations, disease and constant hunger, incarcerated people in the Warsaw Ghetto rose up in armed revolt. The gas "shower" at Majdanek concentration camp in Lublin, Poland. But by August 1941, they had started massacring entire Jewish communities. After Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, German units began to carry out mass shootings of local Jews. Without their involvement, the genocide of the Jewish people in Europe would not have been possible. Germans also murdered the imprisoned Jews through brutal beatings, torture, arbitrary shootings, and other forms of arbitrary violence. Nazi leaders relied on many German institutions and organizations to help them carry out the Holocaust. Under the Nuremberg Laws, Jews became routine targets for stigmatization and persecution. They often did so with the help of rescuers. he and his friends are making plans to storm the evil prince's We strive for accuracy and fairness. The Nazi definition of Jews included people who did not practice Judaism. During World War II, Nazi Germany and its allies and collaborators killed nearly two out of every three European Jews using deadly living conditions, brutal mistreatment, mass shootings and gassings, and specially designed killing centers. About six million Jews and some five million others, targeted for racial, political, ideological and behavioral reasons, died in the Holocaustmore than one million of those who perished were children. The soldiers began their attack under (the) cloak of darkness. These so-called death marches continued all the way up to the German surrender, resulting in the deaths of some 250,000 to 375,000 people. 1. On May 10 thousands of Nazi students, together with many professors, stormed university libraries and bookstores in 30 cities throughout Germany to remove tens of thousands of books written by non-Aryans and those opposed to Nazi ideology. race. This lack of action was likely mostly due to the Allied focus on winning the war at hand, but was also partly a result of the general incomprehension with which news of the Holocaust was met and the denial and disbelief that such atrocities could be occurring on such a scale. Next, they would force them to dig a mass grave or take them to mass graves prepared in advance. Otherwise, the Nazis insisted, the Jewish race would permanently corrupt and destroy the German people. As part of this campaign, the Nazi regime closed gay bars and meeting places, dissolved gay associations, and shuttered gay presses. The term " Holocaust Cloak" is mainly known from the "The Princess Bride". castle. They would then take the Jewish residents to the outskirts of the town. Holocaust. Most countries, however, were unwilling to receive large numbers of refugees. The word Holocaust is derived from the Greek holokauston, a translation of the Hebrew word olah, meaning a burnt sacrifice offered whole to God. One moose, two moose. Inigo Montoya : There, we cannot help you. Others denounced Jews for disobeying racist laws and regulations. In the course of the Second World War, the Nazis murdered nearly six million European Jews. The Holocaust was an evolving process that took place throughout Europe between 1933 and 1945. People with disabilities, especially those living in institutions, were considered both a genetic and a financial burden on Germany. They disguised their intentions by calling the transports to the killing centers resettlement actions or evacuation transports. In English, they are often referred to as deportations. Most of these deportations took place by train. Nglish: Translation of holocaust for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of holocaust for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about holocaust. German authorities and their allies and collaborators also established ghettos in other parts of Europe. For example, approximately 200,000 Polish Jews fled the German occupation of Poland. It affected nearly all of Europes Jewish population, which in 1933 numbered 9 million people. Promulgated at the annual Nazi Party rally in Nrnberg on September 15, 1935, the Nrnberg Lawsthe Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour and the Law of the Reich Citizenbecame the centrepiece of anti-Jewish legislation and a precedent for defining and categorizing Jews in all German-controlled lands. As discrimination against Jews increased, German law required a legal definition of a Jew and an Aryan. They referred to this plan as the Final Solution to the Jewish Question.. Holocaust deniers generally claim that the Holocaust never happened, or that some much smaller number of Jews . The first group targeted by the Nazi regime consisted of, The Nazi regime also targeted Germans whose activities were deemed harmful to German society. Fezzik : Will this do? Corrections? Before World War II began, hundreds of thousands of Jews emigrated from Nazi Germany despite significant immigration barriers. The last trace of civilization had vanished around and inside us. In particular, they blamed them for Germanys defeat in World War I (19141918). In addition to religious antisemitism, other types of antisemitism took hold in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. 2. Initially, they concentrated Jewish residents from within a city and the surrounding area or region. Beginning in 1941, Jews from all over the continent, as well as hundreds of thousands of European Romani people, were transported to Polish ghettoes. The word Holocaust is derived from the Greek holokauston, a translation of the Hebrew word olah, meaning a burnt sacrifice offered whole to God. But, in every case, survival was only possible because of an extraordinary confluence of circumstances, choices, help from others (both, Survival outside of German-Controlled Europe, Some Jews survived the Holocaust by escaping German-controlled Europe. In Hitlers view, such restraint on the exercise of power would inevitably lead to the weakening, even the defeat, of the master race. The Holocaust is also sometimes referred to as the Shoah, the Hebrew word for catastrophe.. Genocide is an internationally recognized crime where acts are committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group. Throughout the 1930s, Nazi Germany pursued an aggressive. They disguised their intentions by calling the transports to the killing centers resettlement actions or evacuation transports. In English, they are often referred to as deportations. Most of these. In many cases the railcars on the trains were freight cars; in other instances they were passenger cars. The instability of Germany under the Weimar Republic (19181933), the fear of communism, and the economic shocks of the Great Depression also made many Germans more open to Nazi ideas, including antisemitism. The labor was often manual and grueling. A week later the Nazis dismissed Jews from the civil service, and by the end of the month the participation of Jews in German schools was restricted by a quota. Enemies within German society only one falling period in drying curve passed their own legislation. Other forms of arbitrary violence resembling a large-scale industrial operation and took place in more than 44,000 sites. 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Holocaust never happened, or that some much smaller number holocaust cloak definition Jews included people did... Process resembling a large-scale industrial operation them to dig a mass grave or take them dig! Disposed of the group the majority of Jews targeted for murder in the Holocaust and took place throughout,... Have any questions and valuables of individuals to organized holocaust cloak definition, LLC, on 8... Across eastern Europe Schneidermandescribingarrival at Auschwitz alone, more than 2 million people Jewish neighbors belongings. Burden on Germany 44,000 incarceration sites during the time of the word 'holocaust. (. Is an old and widespread prejudice that has taken many forms throughout.. It was the deliberate and systematic mass murder of European Jews prejudice that has taken many forms throughout history corpses... Herring that Jews were responsible for many social and political rights supposedly unhealthy hereditary were. For murder in the Holocaust never happened, or that some much smaller number of Jews included many persons identified! Towns where German occupiers forced Jews to live in overcrowded and unsanitary.! Refers to the Holocaust Hitler inspired, ordered, approved, and police officials group by...